Europe
Europe is the smallest of the world’s continents and comprises the westernmost part of Eurasia.
Europe covers about 10,180,000 square kilometres (3,930,000 sq mi), or 2% of the Earth’s surface (6.8% of land area). Politically, Europe is divided into about fifty sovereign states of which the Russian Federation is the largest and most populous, spanning 39% of the continent and comprising 15% of its population. Europe had a total population of about 741 million (about 11% of the world population) as of 2016. The European climate is largely affected by warm Atlantic currents that temper winters and summers on much of the continent, even at latitudes along which the climate in Asia and North America is severe. Further from the sea, seasonal differences are more noticeable than close to the coast.
| Russia | Germany | Turkey | France | United Kingdom | Italy | Spain | Ukraine | Poland | Romania | Netherlands | Belgium | Greece | Portugal | Sweden | Azerbaijan | Hungary | Belarus | Austria | Switzerland | Bulgaria | Serbia | Denmark | Finland | Slovakia | Norway | Ireland | Croatia | Georgia | Bosnia And Herzegovina | Moldova | Armenia | Albania | Lithuania | North Macedonia | Slovenia | Latvia | Estonia | Cyprus | Montenegro | Luxembourg | Malta | Iceland | Andorra | Liechtenstein | Monaco | San Marino | Holy See (Vatican City) | Kosovo | ||
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| Country Code | RU | DE | TR | FR | GB | IT | ES | UA | PL | RO | NL | BE | GR | PT | SE | AZ | HU | BY | AT | CH | BG | RS | DK | FI | SK | NO | IE | HR | GE | BA | MD | AM | AL | LT | MK | SI | LV | EE | CY | ME | LU | MT | IS | AD | LI | MC | SM | VA | XK | |
| Geography | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Area (sq km) | 17,098,242 | 357,022 | 783,562 | 643,801 | 243,610 | 301,340 | 505,370 | 603,550 | 312,685 | 238,391 | 41,543 | 30,528 | 131,957 | 92,090 | 450,295 | 86,600 | 93,028 | 207,600 | 83,871 | 41,277 | 110,879 | 77,474 | 43,094 | 338,145 | 49,035 | 323,802 | 70,273 | 56,594 | 69,700 | 51,197 | 33,851 | 29,743 | 28,748 | 65,300 | 25,713 | 20,273 | 64,589 | 45,228 | 9,251 | 13,812 | 2,586 | 316 | 103,000 | 468 | 160 | 2 | 61 | 0 | 10,887 | |
| Coastline (km) | 37,653 | 2,389 | 7,200 | 4,853 | 12,429 | 7,600 | 4,964 | 2,782 | 440 | 225 | 451 | 67 | 13,676 | 1,793 | 3,218 | 354 | 7,314 | 1,250 | 25,148 | 1,448 | 5,835 | 310 | 20 | 362 | 90 | 47 | 498 | 3,794 | 648 | 294 | 197 | 4,970 | 4 | |||||||||||||||||
| Highest Point (m) | 5,642 (Gora El'brus (highest point in Europe)) | 2,963 (Zugspitze) | 5,137 (Mount Ararat) | 4,810 (Mont Blanc) | 1,345 (Ben Nevis) | 4,748 (Mont Blanc (Monte Bianco) de Courmayeur (a secondary peak of Mont Blanc)) | 3,718 (Pico de Teide (Tenerife) on Canary Islands) | 2,061 (Hora Hoverla) | 2,499 (Rysy) | 2,544 (Moldoveanu) | 862 (Mount Scenery (on the island of Saba in the Caribbean, now considered an integral part of the Netherlands following the dissolution of the Netherlands Antilles)) | 694 (Botrange) | 2,917 (Mount Olympus) | 2,351 (Ponta do Pico (Pico or Pico Alto) on Ilha do Pico in the Azores) | 2,111 (Kebnekaise) | 4,466 (Bazarduzu Dagi) | 1,014 (Kekes) | 346 (Dzyarzhynskaya Hara) | 3,798 (Grossglockner) | 4,634 (Dufourspitze) | 2,925 (Musala) | 2,169 (Midzor) | 171 (Mollehoj/Ejer Bavnehoj) | 1,328 (Halti (alternatively Haltia, Haltitunturi, Haltiatunturi)) | 2,655 (Gerlachovsky Stit) | 2,469 (Galdhopiggen) | 1,041 (Carrauntoohil) | 1,831 (Dinara) | 5,193 (Mt'a Shkhara) | 2,386 (Maglic) | 430 (Dealul Balanesti) | 4,090 (Aragats Lerrnagagat') | 2,764 (Maja e Korabit (Golem Korab)) | 294 (Aukstojas) | 2,764 (Golem Korab (Maja e Korabit)) | 2,864 (Triglav) | 312 (Gaizina Kalns) | 318 (Suur Munamagi) | 1,951 (Mount Olympus) | 2,522 (Bobotov Kuk) | 559 (Buurgplaatz) | 253 (Ta'Dmejrek on Dingli Cliffs) | 2,110 (Hvannadalshnukur (at Vatnajokull Glacier)) | 2,946 (Pic de Coma Pedrosa) | 2,599 (Vorder-Grauspitz) | 162 (Chemin des Revoires on Mont Agel) | 739 (Monte Titano) | 78 (Vatican Gardens (Vatican Hill)) | 2,656 (Gjeravica/Deravica) | |
| Average Elevation (m) | 600 | 263 | 1,132 | 375 | 162 | 538 | 660 | 175 | 173 | 414 | 30 | 181 | 498 | 372 | 320 | 384 | 143 | 160 | 910 | 1,350 | 472 | 442 | 34 | 164 | 458 | 460 | 118 | 331 | 1,432 | 500 | 139 | 1,792 | 708 | 110 | 741 | 492 | 87 | 61 | 91 | 1,086 | 325 | 557 | 1,996 | 450 | ||||||
| People | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Population | 142,122,776 | 80,457,737 | 81,257,239 | 67,364,357 | 65,105,246 | 62,246,674 | 49,331,076 | 43,952,299 | 38,420,687 | 21,457,116 | 17,151,228 | 11,570,762 | 10,761,523 | 10,355,493 | 10,040,995 | 10,046,516 | 9,825,704 | 9,527,543 | 8,793,370 | 8,292,809 | 7,057,504 | 7,078,110 | 5,809,502 | 5,537,364 | 5,445,040 | 5,372,191 | 5,068,050 | 4,270,480 | 4,926,087 | 3,849,891 | 3,437,720 | 3,038,217 | 3,057,220 | 2,793,284 | 2,118,945 | 2,102,126 | 1,923,559 | 1,244,288 | 1,237,088 | 614,249 | 605,764 | 449,043 | 343,518 | 85,708 | 38,547 | 30,727 | 33,779 | 1,000 | 1,907,592 | |
| Median Age | 39.80 | 47.40 | 31.40 | 41.50 | 40.50 | 45.80 | 43.10 | 40.80 | 41.10 | 41.60 | 42.70 | 41.50 | 44.90 | 43.70 | 41.10 | 31.70 | 42.70 | 40.30 | 44.20 | 42.50 | 43.00 | 42.80 | 41.90 | 42.60 | 41.00 | 39.30 | 37.10 | 43.30 | 38.30 | 42.50 | 37.00 | 35.60 | 33.40 | 44.00 | 38.20 | 44.20 | 43.90 | 43.00 | 37.20 | 38.90 | 39.30 | 41.80 | 36.70 | 44.90 | 43.40 | 53.80 | 44.70 | 29.60 | ||
| Growth Rate | -0.11 % | -0.17 % | 0.49 % | 0.37 % | 0.51 % | 0.16 % | 0.73 % | 0.04 % | -0.16 % | -0.35 % | 0.38 % | 0.67 % | -0.07 % | -0.27 % | 0.80 % | 0.83 % | -0.26 % | -0.24 % | 0.42 % | 0.68 % | -0.63 % | -0.47 % | 0.59 % | 0.33 % | -0.02 % | 0.94 % | 1.11 % | -0.51 % | 0.01 % | -0.17 % | -1.06 % | -0.25 % | 0.30 % | -1.10 % | 0.19 % | 0.03 % | -1.10 % | -0.60 % | 1.27 % | -0.34 % | 1.90 % | 0.99 % | 1.08 % | -0.01 % | 0.78 % | 0.30 % | 0.70 % | |||
| Birth Rate (Births a year per 1,000 people) | 10.70 | 8.60 | 15.40 | 12.10 | 12.00 | 8.50 | 9.00 | 10.10 | 9.30 | 8.70 | 10.90 | 11.30 | 8.30 | 8.20 | 12.10 | 15.30 | 8.90 | 10.00 | 9.50 | 10.50 | 8.50 | 8.90 | 10.90 | 10.70 | 9.60 | 12.20 | 13.80 | 8.80 | 12.10 | 8.70 | 11.20 | 12.60 | 13.20 | 9.80 | 10.80 | 9.20 | 9.60 | 9.90 | 11.20 | 11.90 | 11.60 | 10.00 | 13.60 | 7.30 | 10.40 | 6.50 | 8.60 | |||
| Death Rate (Deaths a year per 1,000 people) | 13.40 | 11.80 | 6.00 | 9.40 | 9.40 | 10.50 | 9.20 | 14.30 | 10.50 | 12.00 | 9.00 | 9.70 | 11.40 | 10.60 | 9.40 | 7.00 | 12.80 | 13.20 | 9.70 | 8.40 | 14.50 | 13.60 | 9.30 | 10.10 | 9.90 | 8.00 | 6.60 | 12.40 | 10.90 | 10.10 | 12.60 | 9.50 | 6.90 | 14.80 | 9.60 | 9.90 | 14.50 | 12.70 | 6.80 | 10.40 | 7.30 | 7.90 | 6.50 | 7.40 | 7.60 | 10.10 | 8.80 | |||
| Urban Population | 74.40 % | 77.30 % | 75.10 % | 80.40 % | 83.40 % | 70.40 % | 80.30 % | 69.40 % | 60.10 % | 54.00 % | 91.50 % | 98.00 % | 79.10 % | 65.20 % | 87.40 % | 55.70 % | 71.40 % | 78.60 % | 58.30 % | 73.80 % | 75.00 % | 56.10 % | 87.90 % | 85.40 % | 53.70 % | 82.20 % | 63.20 % | 56.90 % | 58.60 % | 48.20 % | 42.60 % | 63.10 % | 60.30 % | 67.70 % | 58.00 % | 54.50 % | 68.10 % | 68.90 % | 66.80 % | 66.80 % | 91.00 % | 94.60 % | 93.80 % | 88.10 % | 14.30 % | 100.00 % | 97.20 % | 100.00 % | ||
| Health | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Mothers age at first birth | 24.60 | 29.40 | 22.30 | 28.10 | 28.50 | 30.70 | 30.70 | 24.90 | 27.40 | 26.70 | 29.60 | 28.60 | 29.80 | 30.20 | 29.10 | 23.20 | 28.30 | 25.70 | 29.00 | 30.70 | 26.70 | 27.90 | 29.10 | 28.80 | 27.60 | 28.90 | 30.70 | 28.00 | 24.50 | 27.00 | 24.00 | 24.40 | 24.80 | 27.00 | 26.80 | 29.10 | 27.20 | 26.60 | 28.80 | 26.30 | 30.10 | 26.90 | 27.40 | |||||||
| Maternal mortality rate (Deaths per 100,000 live births) | 25.00 | 6.00 | 16.00 | 8.00 | 9.00 | 4.00 | 5.00 | 24.00 | 3.00 | 31.00 | 7.00 | 7.00 | 3.00 | 10.00 | 4.00 | 25.00 | 17.00 | 4.00 | 4.00 | 5.00 | 11.00 | 17.00 | 6.00 | 3.00 | 6.00 | 5.00 | 8.00 | 8.00 | 36.00 | 11.00 | 23.00 | 25.00 | 29.00 | 10.00 | 8.00 | 9.00 | 18.00 | 9.00 | 7.00 | 7.00 | 10.00 | 9.00 | 3.00 | |||||||
| Infant mortality rate (Deaths under 1 year per 1,000 births) | 6.70 | 3.40 | 16.90 | 3.20 | 4.20 | 3.20 | 3.30 | 7.70 | 4.40 | 9.20 | 3.50 | 3.40 | 4.50 | 2.60 | 2.60 | 23.00 | 4.80 | 3.60 | 3.40 | 3.60 | 8.30 | 5.70 | 3.20 | 2.50 | 5.00 | 2.50 | 3.60 | 9.10 | 14.70 | 5.40 | 11.70 | 12.30 | 11.60 | 3.80 | 7.80 | 1.60 | 5.10 | 3.80 | 7.70 | 3.40 | 4.70 | 2.10 | 3.60 | 4.20 | 1.80 | 4.30 | ||||
| Health expenditure (As a percentage of GDP) | 7.10 % | 11.30 % | 5.40 % | 11.50 % | 9.10 % | 9.20 % | 9.00 % | 7.10 % | 6.40 % | 5.60 % | 10.90 % | 10.60 % | 8.10 % | 9.50 % | 11.90 % | 6.00 % | 7.40 % | 5.70 % | 11.20 % | 11.70 % | 8.40 % | 10.40 % | 10.80 % | 9.70 % | 8.10 % | 9.70 % | 7.80 % | 7.80 % | 7.40 % | 9.60 % | 10.30 % | 4.50 % | 8.20 % | 6.60 % | 6.50 % | 9.20 % | 5.90 % | 6.40 % | 7.40 % | 6.40 % | 6.60 % | 9.70 % | 8.90 % | 8.10 % | 4.30 % | 6.10 % | ||||
| Physicians (per 1,000 people) | 4.01 | 4.21 | 1.76 | 3.23 | 2.81 | 4.09 | 4.07 | 3.01 | 2.40 | 2.26 | 3.51 | 3.32 | 4.59 | 3.34 | 5.40 | 3.45 | 3.23 | 4.08 | 5.14 | 4.24 | 3.99 | 3.13 | 4.46 | 3.81 | 2.46 | 4.63 | 3.09 | 3.13 | 5.10 | 1.89 | 3.20 | 2.90 | 1.20 | 4.34 | 2.87 | 2.81 | 3.19 | 3.47 | 1.95 | 2.33 | 3.03 | 3.83 | 3.97 | 3.33 | 6.56 | 6.15 | ||||
| Hospital beds (per 1,000 people) | 8.20 | 8.30 | 2.70 | 6.50 | 2.80 | 3.40 | 3.00 | 8.80 | 6.50 | 6.30 | 4.70 | 6.20 | 4.30 | 3.40 | 2.40 | 4.70 | 7.00 | 11.00 | 7.60 | 4.70 | 6.80 | 5.70 | 2.50 | 4.40 | 5.80 | 3.80 | 2.80 | 5.60 | 2.60 | 3.50 | 5.80 | 4.20 | 2.90 | 7.30 | 4.40 | 4.60 | 5.80 | 5.00 | 3.40 | 4.00 | 4.90 | 4.70 | 3.40 | 2.50 | 13.80 | 3.80 | ||||
| Adult obesity (Percentage of population with BMI > 30) | 23.10 % | 22.30 % | 32.10 % | 21.60 % | 27.80 % | 19.90 % | 23.80 % | 24.10 % | 23.10 % | 22.50 % | 20.40 % | 22.10 % | 24.90 % | 20.80 % | 20.60 % | 19.90 % | 26.40 % | 24.50 % | 20.10 % | 19.50 % | 25.00 % | 21.50 % | 19.70 % | 22.20 % | 20.50 % | 23.10 % | 25.30 % | 24.40 % | 21.70 % | 17.90 % | 18.90 % | 20.20 % | 21.70 % | 26.30 % | 22.40 % | 20.20 % | 23.60 % | 21.20 % | 21.80 % | 23.30 % | 22.60 % | 28.90 % | 21.90 % | 25.60 % | ||||||
| Education | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Education expenditure (As a percentage of GDP) | 3.80 % | 4.80 % | 4.30 % | 5.50 % | 5.50 % | 4.10 % | 4.30 % | 5.00 % | 4.80 % | 3.10 % | 5.40 % | 6.60 % | 4.90 % | 7.60 % | 2.90 % | 4.60 % | 4.80 % | 5.50 % | 5.10 % | 4.10 % | 3.90 % | 7.60 % | 7.10 % | 4.60 % | 7.60 % | 3.80 % | 4.60 % | 3.80 % | 6.70 % | 2.80 % | 4.00 % | 4.20 % | 4.90 % | 5.30 % | 5.20 % | 6.40 % | 3.90 % | 5.30 % | 7.70 % | 3.20 % | 2.60 % | 1.40 % | 2.40 % | |||||||
| School life (years) | 16 | 17 | 18 | 15 | 19 | 16 | 18 | 15 | 16 | 14 | 18 | 20 | 18 | 16 | 19 | 13 | 15 | 15 | 16 | 16 | 15 | 15 | 19 | 19 | 15 | 18 | 19 | 15 | 15 | 14 | 12 | 13 | 15 | 16 | 13 | 17 | 16 | 16 | 15 | 15 | 14 | 16 | 19 | 15 | 15 | |||||
| Youth unemployment (% of 15 to 24 years old unemployed) | 16.30 % | 6.80 % | 20.50 % | 22.30 % | 12.10 % | 34.70 % | 38.60 % | 23.00 % | 14.80 % | 18.30 % | 8.90 % | 19.30 % | 43.60 % | 23.90 % | 17.90 % | 13.40 % | 10.70 % | 9.30 % | 9.80 % | 8.10 % | 12.90 % | 29.70 % | 11.00 % | 20.10 % | 18.90 % | 10.40 % | 14.40 % | 27.40 % | 30.50 % | 45.80 % | 7.40 % | 36.30 % | 31.90 % | 13.30 % | 46.70 % | 15.20 % | 17.00 % | 12.10 % | 24.70 % | 31.70 % | 15.40 % | 11.30 % | 7.90 % | 26.60 % | 27.40 % | 52.40 % | ||||
| Economy | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| GDP (Gross Domestic Product in US $) | 4.016 trillion | 4.199 trillion | 2.186 trillion | 2.856 trillion | 2.925 trillion | 2.317 trillion | 1.778 trillion | 369.600 billion | 1.126 trillion | 483.400 billion | 924.400 billion | 529.200 billion | 299.300 billion | 314.100 billion | 518.000 billion | 172.200 billion | 289.600 billion | 179.400 billion | 441.000 billion | 523.100 billion | 153.500 billion | 105.700 billion | 287.800 billion | 244.900 billion | 179.700 billion | 381.200 billion | 353.300 billion | 102.100 billion | 39.850 billion | 44.830 billion | 23.720 billion | 28.340 billion | 36.010 billion | 91.470 billion | 31.030 billion | 71.230 billion | 54.020 billion | 41.650 billion | 31.780 billion | 11.080 billion | 62.110 billion | 19.260 billion | 18.180 billion | 3.327 billion | 4.978 billion | 7.672 billion | 2.064 billion | 19.600 billion | ||
| Growth Rate (Real growth rate of GDP) | 1.50 % | 2.50 % | 7.40 % | 2.30 % | 1.70 % | 1.50 % | 3.00 % | 2.50 % | 4.70 % | 6.90 % | 2.90 % | 1.70 % | 1.40 % | 2.70 % | 2.10 % | 0.10 % | 4.00 % | 2.40 % | 3.00 % | 1.70 % | 3.60 % | 1.90 % | 2.30 % | 2.80 % | 3.40 % | 1.90 % | 7.20 % | 2.80 % | 5.00 % | 3.00 % | 4.50 % | 7.50 % | 3.80 % | 3.90 % | 5.00 % | 4.50 % | 4.90 % | 3.90 % | 4.30 % | 2.30 % | 6.70 % | 4.00 % | -1.10 % | 1.80 % | 5.40 % | 1.90 % | 3.70 % | |||
| GDP per capita (Gross Domestic Product per person, in US $) | 27,900 | 50,800 | 27,000 | 44,100 | 44,300 | 38,200 | 38,400 | 8,800 | 29,600 | 24,600 | 53,900 | 46,600 | 27,800 | 30,500 | 51,200 | 17,500 | 29,600 | 18,900 | 50,000 | 62,100 | 21,800 | 15,100 | 50,100 | 44,500 | 33,100 | 72,100 | 73,200 | 24,700 | 10,700 | 12,800 | 6,700 | 9,500 | 12,500 | 32,400 | 14,900 | 34,500 | 27,700 | 31,700 | 37,200 | 17,800 | 105,100 | 41,900 | 52,200 | 49,900 | 139,100 | 115,700 | 59,000 | 10,900 | ||
| Gross National Saving (National saving as a percent of GDP) | 26.50 % | 28.00 % | 25.50 % | 22.90 % | 13.60 % | 20.30 % | 23.00 % | 18.90 % | 20.00 % | 21.10 % | 31.20 % | 24.50 % | 10.90 % | 16.80 % | 28.90 % | 24.60 % | 25.70 % | 24.50 % | 27.00 % | 33.80 % | 25.40 % | 15.30 % | 28.80 % | 23.30 % | 20.60 % | 34.30 % | 33.10 % | 24.70 % | 23.00 % | 11.00 % | 13.50 % | 17.80 % | 15.90 % | 18.00 % | 30.30 % | 26.40 % | 20.70 % | 27.00 % | 13.70 % | 13.20 % | 22.30 % | 33.50 % | 25.80 % | 17.30 % | ||||||